|
|
Carbon allocation in evergreen and decidious temperate tree species under the elevated concentration CO2 and O3
Neuwirthová, Eva ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Konrádová, Hana (referee)
An ongoing increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and tropospheric O3 is expected in coming years. These changes are mostly caused by anthropogenic activities and influence remarkably not only plants but the climate on the Earth. Physiological processes in plants determining carbon assimilation and allocation in plant organs are changing in a consequence of variations of these gases in the environment. Tree species represent importatnt C pools and changes in C allocation may effect their sink capability in the global C cycle.Increased CO2 concentration in the atmosphere often leeds to incereased rate of photosynthesis lowered photorespiration what in turn may lead to enhanced C storage in plant biomass. The C storage into sinks is mediated through the assimilation organs, which are disturbed by O3. Ozone is toxic to plants and trees are due to their longevity exposed to ozone influence repeatedly for long term. The response to increased CO2 and O3 concentrations, is the most commonly investigated on two typical representatives of European temperate species: deciduous European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and coniferous Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) The aim of the present review was to summarize the knowledge about the effects of increased concentrations of CO2 and O3 acting separately or in...
|
|
|
Significance of mycorrhizal symbiosis in invasiveness of Pinus strobus
Antl, Tomáš ; Kohout, Petr (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee)
6 Abstract This study aimed to compare the mycorrhizal fungal communities inhabiting the roots of invasive Pinus strobus L. and native Pinus sylvestris L. We also compared carbon allocation into ectomycorrhizal fungal (EcMf) and other structures of the two pine species. The aim was to assess the influence of mycorrhiza on the invasive potential of P. strobus in the protected areas of National Park Bohemian Switzerland. The two field experiments were conducted on three locations of each species. We estimated the EcM extramatrical mycelium (EMM) production by measuring the ergosterol content in sterile sand filled mesh-bags. Next measured variables were: biomass of ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic sporocarps, fine roots biomass and leaf litter biomass to compare the one season production of each measured variables. The results revealed a major difference in EcM sporocarps production, whereas on the P. sylvestris sites was the production 100% higher. Same results came from the fine roots measurements: P. sylvestris had a higher fine roots production, which may be also related with the production of EMM, which was about 60% higher as well. The EcMf species richness on the P. strobus root-tips was as high as the native pine, but the species composition was different. The P. strobus prefers EcMf species with...
|
|
|
Significance of mycorrhizal symbiosis in invasiveness of Pinus strobus
Antl, Tomáš ; Kohout, Petr (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee)
6 Abstract This study aimed to compare the mycorrhizal fungal communities inhabiting the roots of invasive Pinus strobus L. and native Pinus sylvestris L. We also compared carbon allocation into ectomycorrhizal fungal (EcMf) and other structures of the two pine species. The aim was to assess the influence of mycorrhiza on the invasive potential of P. strobus in the protected areas of National Park Bohemian Switzerland. The two field experiments were conducted on three locations of each species. We estimated the EcM extramatrical mycelium (EMM) production by measuring the ergosterol content in sterile sand filled mesh-bags. Next measured variables were: biomass of ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic sporocarps, fine roots biomass and leaf litter biomass to compare the one season production of each measured variables. The results revealed a major difference in EcM sporocarps production, whereas on the P. sylvestris sites was the production 100% higher. Same results came from the fine roots measurements: P. sylvestris had a higher fine roots production, which may be also related with the production of EMM, which was about 60% higher as well. The EcMf species richness on the P. strobus root-tips was as high as the native pine, but the species composition was different. The P. strobus prefers EcMf species with...
|
|
|
Carbon allocation in evergreen and decidious temperate tree species under the elevated concentration CO2 and O3
Neuwirthová, Eva ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Konrádová, Hana (referee)
An ongoing increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and tropospheric O3 is expected in coming years. These changes are mostly caused by anthropogenic activities and influence remarkably not only plants but the climate on the Earth. Physiological processes in plants determining carbon assimilation and allocation in plant organs are changing in a consequence of variations of these gases in the environment. Tree species represent importatnt C pools and changes in C allocation may effect their sink capability in the global C cycle.Increased CO2 concentration in the atmosphere often leeds to incereased rate of photosynthesis lowered photorespiration what in turn may lead to enhanced C storage in plant biomass. The C storage into sinks is mediated through the assimilation organs, which are disturbed by O3. Ozone is toxic to plants and trees are due to their longevity exposed to ozone influence repeatedly for long term. The response to increased CO2 and O3 concentrations, is the most commonly investigated on two typical representatives of European temperate species: deciduous European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and coniferous Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) The aim of the present review was to summarize the knowledge about the effects of increased concentrations of CO2 and O3 acting separately or in...
|
|
|
Ecological constraints limiting the root-sprouting ability in wetland plant species
SOSNOVÁ, Monika
Wetland plant species rely largely on vegetative reproduction. Although all types of clonal growth organs are found in wetlands, special adaptations, e.g., turions, fragmentation and budding, are more frequent in true aquatic communities. However, root-sprouting is underrepresented, although it can be beneficial under disturbed conditions. This thesis focuses on ecological constrains potentially hindering root-sprouting in wetlands. This ability was studied in a wetland herb Rorippa palustris in relation to life history, injury timing and carbon economy of a plant. In addition, plant regeneration following submergence and severe disturbance was assessed.
|
guest ::
